{"id":734420,"date":"2025-11-06T16:52:44","date_gmt":"2025-11-06T13:52:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alsiasi.com\/?p=734420"},"modified":"2025-11-06T16:52:44","modified_gmt":"2025-11-06T13:52:44","slug":"%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%ab-%d9%81%d9%8a-7-%d9%86%d9%88%d9%81%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d8%aa%d8%b4%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ab%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alsiasi.com\/?p=734420","title":{"rendered":"\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a 7 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631\/\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b<\/strong><br \/>\n1492\u00a0&#8211; \u00ab\u0646\u064a\u0632\u0643 \u0623\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0645\u00bb \u064a\u0636\u0631\u0628\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u00a0\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0645\u062d \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0633\u00a0\u0641\u064a\u00a0\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627.<br \/>\n1875\u00a0&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u064a\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u00a0\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0647\u0627\u0645\u00a0\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062f\u064d \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629\u00a0\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 2000 \u062c\u0646\u062f\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0645\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u00a0\u0645\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0646\u062c\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0627\u00a0\u0641\u064a \u00ab\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0646\u062f\u062a\u00bb \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0636\u0645\u0646\u00a0\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0634\u0629.<br \/>\n1898\u00a0&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u00a0\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u00a0\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649\u00a0\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u00a0\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0648\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0644.<br \/>\n1916\u00a0&#8211; \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0646\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u063a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u00a0\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629\u00a0\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628 \u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0647.<br \/>\n1917\u00a0-\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0641\u0629\u00a0\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u00a0\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627.<br \/>\n\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0644\u00a0\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0623\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a\u00a0\u062a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649\u00a0\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u063a\u0632\u0629\u00a0\u0628\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u00a0\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<br \/>\n1919\u00a0&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 10000 \u0645\u0646\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646\u00a0\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646\u00a0\u0641\u064a 23 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629\u00a0\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629.<br \/>\n1920\u00a0&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0643 \u062a\u064a\u062e\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062b\u0648\u0630\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627.<br \/>\n1921\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a\u00a0\u064a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u00ab\u062f\u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0634\u064a.<br \/>\n1949\u00a0&#8211; \u0645\u0644\u0643\u00a0\u0645\u0635\u0631\u00a0\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u00a0\u064a\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<br \/>\n1956\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u00a0\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u00a0\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627\u00a0\u0648\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646\u00a0\u0645\u0635\u0631\u00a0\u0628\u0639\u062f\u00a0\u0627\u062c\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633.<br \/>\n1962\u00a0&#8211; \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u00a0\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a\u00a0\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0641\u0646\u00a0\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0633\u062d\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u00a0\u0643\u0648\u0628\u0627.<br \/>\n1972\u00a0&#8211; \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u00a0\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0646\u064a\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0646\u00a0\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064b\u0627\u00a0\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u00a0\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<br \/>\n1973\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u0645\u0635\u0631\u00a0\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u00a0\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0642\u0637\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0630\u00a0\u062d\u0631\u0628 1967.<br \/>\n1983\u00a0&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0630\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u00a0\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649\u00a0\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627\u00a0\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u00a0\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u00a0\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644.<br \/>\n1985\u00a0&#8211; \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0631 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a\u00a0\u064a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u00a0\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u062f\u062f \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0642\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646\u00a0\u0641\u064a\u00a0\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u00a0\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0645.<br \/>\n1987\u00a0&#8211; \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u00a0\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u00a0\u064a\u0637\u064a\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629\u00a0\u0641\u064a\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636\u00a0\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u00a0\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633.<br \/>\n1990\u00a0&#8211; \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u00a0\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0646\u00a0\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629\u00a0\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0631\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0623\u0648\u0644\u00a0\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629\u00a0\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627.<br \/>\n2004\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u0629\u00a0\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646\u00a0\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0626\u00a0\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 60 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627.<br \/>\n2007\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a\u00a0\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u00a0\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0633\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 2\u060c1161$.<br \/>\n2012\u00a0&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u00a0\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u0627\u00a0\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0632 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 303 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 206 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0647\u00a0\u0645\u064a\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a.<br \/>\n2016\u00a0&#8211; \u0627\u0641\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062d\u00a0\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u00a0(COP22) \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629\u00a0\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634\u00a0\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628.<br \/>\n2018\u00a0&#8211; \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u00a0\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646\u064a\u00a0\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064b\u0627\u00a0\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u00a0\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e\u00a0\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0636\u0627\u0648\u064a.<br \/>\n2020\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u062c\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0646\u00a0\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0632\u00a0\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<br \/>\n2021\u00a0&#8211; \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0648\u0627\u00a0\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u00a0\u0648\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u0648\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629.<br \/>\n2024\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a\u00a0\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0646\u00a0\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646\u00a0\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629\u00a0\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u063a\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a\u00a0\u0623\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u064e\u0651\u0649 \u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062c\u0631\u0648\u062d.<br \/>\n<strong>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f<\/strong><br \/>\n630 &#8211; \u0642\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0632\u0646\u0637\u064a\u0629.<br \/>\n994\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u00a0\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a.<br \/>\n1832\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0648 \u062f\u064a\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u00a0\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a.<br \/>\n1852\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u062f\u0627\u0648\u062f \u0635\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0627\u060c \u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a.<br \/>\n1867\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0629\u00a0\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621\u00a0\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621\u00a0\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649\u00a0\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621\u00a0\u0639\u0627\u0645\u00a01903\u00a0\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621\u00a0\u0639\u0627\u0645\u00a01911.<br \/>\n1878\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0631\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0629\u00a0\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621\u00a0\u0633\u0648\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629.<br \/>\n1879\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631\u00a0\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a.<br \/>\n1888\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u062c\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0643\u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u00a0\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621\u00a0\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u00a0\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649\u00a0\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621\u00a0\u0639\u0627\u0645\u00a01930.<br \/>\n1903\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0648\u0631\u0646\u062a\u0633\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u00a0\u0646\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u00a0\u0641\u064a\u00a0\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u00a0\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649\u00a0\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u00a0\u0639\u0627\u0645\u00a01973.<br \/>\n1913\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u0623\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0648\u060c \u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u00a0\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u00a0\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649\u00a0\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u00a0\u0639\u0627\u0645\u00a01957.<br \/>\n1929\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u0625\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u00a0\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u00a0\u0641\u064a\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649\u00a0\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u00a0\u0639\u0627\u0645\u00a02000.<br \/>\n1937\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629\u00a0\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629.<br \/>\n1939\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0629\u00a0\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u0641\u064a\u00a0\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628.<br \/>\n1943\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u00a0\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u00a0\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649\u00a0\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u0639\u0627\u0645\u00a02001.<br \/>\n1944\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u0644\u0648\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u00a0\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u00a0\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a.<br \/>\n1945\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u00a0\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a.<br \/>\n1952\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u062f\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0628\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u00a0\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a.<br \/>\n1963\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0628\u00a0\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u00a0\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a.<br \/>\n1967\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u062f\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062f \u063a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u060c \u062f\u064a \u062c\u0627\u064a\u00a0\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a.<br \/>\n1973\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0631\u0645\u0648\u060c \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u00a0\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u00a0\u0623\u0631\u062c\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a.<br \/>\n1975\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u0645\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u00a0\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u00a0\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a.<br \/>\n1978\u00a0-\u0645\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u00a0\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a.<br \/>\n\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u00a0\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u00a0\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a.<br \/>\n\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u00a0\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u00a0\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a.<br \/>\n\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0646\u063a\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0641 \u0647\u064a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u00a0\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u00a0\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0646\u062f\u064a.<br \/>\n<strong>\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/strong><br \/>\n644\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0634\u062f\u064a\u0646.<br \/>\n1956\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621.<br \/>\n1962\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0641\u0644\u062a\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u0648\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u00a0\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0641\u0644\u062a\u00a0\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u00a0\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629.<br \/>\n1965\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u00a0\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a.<br \/>\n1980\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u00a0\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a.<br \/>\n1991\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u0646\u0648\u0631\u064a \u062c\u0639\u0641\u0631\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u00a0\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a.<br \/>\n1992\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u0623\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u00a0\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0643\u064a.<br \/>\n2011\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u062c\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0632\u0631\u060c\u00a0\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0645\u00a0\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a.<br \/>\n2013\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0631\u0648\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u0634\u062a\u0648\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u00a0\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u00a0\u0625\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0645\u0644.<br \/>\n2019\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u0647\u064a\u062b\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0632\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u00a0\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a.<br \/>\n<strong>\u0623\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/strong><br \/>\n\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u00a0\u0641\u064a\u00a0\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<br \/>\n\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u00a0\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u00a0.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b 1492\u00a0&#8211; \u00ab\u0646\u064a\u0632\u0643 \u0623\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0645\u00bb \u064a\u0636\u0631\u0628\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u00a0\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0645\u062d \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0633\u00a0\u0641\u064a\u00a0\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627. 1875\u00a0&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u064a\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u00a0\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0647\u0627\u0645\u00a0\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062f\u064d \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629\u00a0\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 2000 \u062c\u0646\u062f\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0645\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u00a0\u0645\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0646\u062c\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0627\u00a0\u0641\u064a \u00ab\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0646\u062f\u062a\u00bb \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0636\u0645\u0646\u00a0\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0634\u0629. 1898\u00a0&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u00a0\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u00a0\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649\u00a0\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u00a0\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0648\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0644. 1916\u00a0&#8211; \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0646\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u063a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u00a0\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629\u00a0\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628 \u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0647. 1917\u00a0-\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0641\u0629\u00a0\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u00a0\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":496656,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-734420","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-13"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/alsiasi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/734420","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/alsiasi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/alsiasi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alsiasi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alsiasi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=734420"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/alsiasi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/734420\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alsiasi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/496656"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/alsiasi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=734420"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alsiasi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=734420"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alsiasi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=734420"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}